1. The method of pulling out the needle and pressing
① The elbow extension cotton swab direct pressure method. After the blood sampling is completed, quickly pull out the blood sample collection needle. When the needle leaves the skin, point the sterile cotton swab stem towards the subject, and the tip of the cotton swab is facing the operator 0.5 cm away from the distal end of the needle eye. The blood vessel is directly pressed parallel to the blood vessel, and the person whose blood is taken is instructed to use the index finger, middle finger, and ring finger of the hand not taking blood to press side by side on the sterile cotton swab, with the thumb up to support the upper arm. The skin needle eye and the blood vessel needle eye were pressed at the same time, and the subject’s elbow was in a straightened state, and was told not to press and rub it for 5 minutes.
② Traditional elbow flexion cotton swab transverse pressure method. After the nurse has collected blood, quickly withdraw the needle. When the needle is withdrawn, the needle is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the blood vessel to reduce damage to the blood vessel. The subjects were instructed to flex their elbows and clamp the cotton swab for 5 minutes.
2. Judgment criteria
Whether there is bleeding, hematoma, and subcutaneous ecchymosis at the eye of the needle after the blood collection needle is removed.
Hematoma and congestion evaluation index: when the blood flows from the puncture point to the subcutaneous formation after the needle is removed, the hematoma or congestion is formed when the diameter of hematoma or congestion is greater than or equal to 1 cm.
3. Results
The comparison results of puncture point bleeding, hematoma, and plaque rates between the two needle extraction and compression methods are shown in Table 1. After x2 test, the difference is significant ((p<0.01). Bleeding after needle extraction with elbow extension cotton swab and direct pressure method The incidence of hematoma and plaque was significantly lower than that of elbow flexion cotton swab.
